What is a Local Area Network (LAN)?
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects devices within a limited geographical area, such as a home, office, school or campus. It allows computers, printers, servers and other devices to share resources like files, printers and internet access.
Benefits:
- Resource sharing: Enables sharing of hardware (printers, scanners) and software (applications).
- Enhanced communication: Facilitates efficient communication through email, instant messaging and file sharing.
- Centralised management: Allows for centralised control and security of network resources.
- Cost-effective: Can be more cost-effective than providing individual internet connections for each device.
Use Cases:
LANs are used in various settings:
- Home networks: Connecting personal computers, smart devices and entertainment systems.
- Office networks: Connecting employees’ computers, servers and network printers.
- Educational institutions: Networking computers for students, faculty and staff.
- Small businesses: Providing network infrastructure for operations.
Key Components:
- Network interface card (NIC): Enables devices to connect to the network.
- Ethernet cables: Physical connections between devices.
- Switch: Connects multiple devices on a LAN.
- Router: Connects the LAN to a wider network (e.g., the internet).
- Wireless access point (WAP): Provides wireless connectivity.
