What is Zero Trust?
The Zero Trust security model, also known as zero trust architecture (ZTA), Zero Trust network access (ZTNA) and perimeter-less security, is a security approach that focuses on the principle of “never trust, always verify”. This means that no user or device, regardless of whether they are inside or outside the traditional network perimeter, is automatically trusted. Every access request must be authenticated, authorised and continuously validated before granting access to resources.
Core principles of Zero Trust_
- Continuous verification: Every access request, from any user or device, is authenticated, authorised, and continuously monitored throughout the session.
- Least privilege: Users and devices are granted the minimum level of access needed to perform their tasks, restricting access to only the resources they require.
- Micro-segmentation: The network is segmented into smaller security zones, further limiting lateral movement within the network if a breach occurs.
- Data encryption: Data is encrypted at rest and in transit to protect it from unauthorised access, even if a device or system is compromised.
Traditional Model vs Zero Trust_
Traditional network security relies on a perimeter-based approach. Firewalls and other controls are placed at the network edge, creating a trusted zone inside and an untrusted zone outside. Once inside the trusted zone, users and devices are typically granted full access to resources.
The Zero Trust model challenges this assumption. It acknowledges that breaches can occur even within the traditional network perimeter, and malicious actors can gain access through various means. Therefore, every access attempt, regardless of origin, is treated with suspicion.
Benefits of Zero Trust_
- Enhanced security: By continuously verifying access requests, zero trust significantly reduces the risk of unauthorised access to sensitive data and resources.
- Improved flexibility: The zero trust model is well-suited for modern IT environments with cloud applications, remote workforces and BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) policies.
- Reduced attack surface: Zero trust minimises the potential impact of a security breach by limiting access to resources based on the principle of least privilege.
Microsoft offers a comprehensive set of security tools and services that can help organisations implement a zero-trust security model. Here are some examples:
- Azure Active Directory (Azure AD): This cloud-based identity and access management service provides centralised authentication and authorisation for users and devices accessing Microsoft and third-party applications.
- Microsoft Defender for Cloud: This service offers security monitoring and threat detection capabilities for cloud workloads and resources.
- Microsoft Defender for Endpoint: This endpoint protection platform protects devices from malware, viruses and other threats.
- Microsoft Cloud App Security: This cloud security solution helps organizations gain visibility and control over access to cloud applications
By adopting a zero-trust approach and leveraging Microsoft security solutions, organisations can create a more secure and resilient IT environment in today’s dynamic threat landscape.
